The result: The Er:YAG laser group demonstrated significantly higher implant stability (ISQ) values than the control group at all measured time points in both directions (p < 0.05). A significant time-by-group interaction was observed in the mesiodistal (MD) direction. Initial ISQ values were higher in the laser group, and a greater proportion of implants achieved ISQ ≥ 70 throughout the healing period.

The conclusion: Er:YAG laser biomodification combined with conventional rotary osteotomy resulted in higher and more stable implant stability during early healing in mandibular D2/D3 bone. This approach may allow shorter healing periods and support early implant loading in selected clinical cases.

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